2023年初中英語�？紕釉~短語及練習(xí)題

同一動詞+不同介詞/副詞

come短語

come across (偶然)遇見(或發(fā)現(xiàn))come along (意外地)出現(xiàn);發(fā)生;來到come down 降落come from 來自come back 回來come on 快點(diǎn);加油come out 出版;發(fā)表;開花;發(fā)芽come over 順便來訪come true (希望、夢想等)實現(xiàn)

get短語get away 逃離get back 返回get down 下降get on 上車get off 下車get over 克服get up 起床;起來get along/on with sb. 與某人相處

go短語go away 走開;離開go back 回去go up 上升;增長go out 出去;熄滅go off 爆炸;走開;衰退go over 仔細(xì)檢查;復(fù)習(xí)go through 通過

give短語give away 贈送;分發(fā)give back 還給;歸還;恢復(fù)(健康等)give in 投降，屈服give out 發(fā)出(氣味、光線、聲音、信號);分發(fā)give up 放棄

look短語look after 照顧;照看look at 看look around 環(huán)顧四周look for 尋找;尋求look into 調(diào)查look out 當(dāng)心look over (仔細(xì))檢查look through 瀏覽look up (在詞典、參考書等中)查閱;查找look up to 欽佩;仰慕;尊敬look down upon 瞧不起look forward to 盼望;期待put短語put away 把……收起來;儲存……備用put down 寫下;放下put off 推遲;拖延put on 穿上;上演;增加put out 撲滅;熄滅(火)put up 張貼;搭建

take短語take away 拿走;帶走take down 取下;記下;拆卸take in 吸入;吞入(體內(nèi))take out 取出take off 脫下(衣服);(飛機(jī)等)起飛take up 占據(jù)(時間、空間);開始從事;拿起take care 當(dāng)心;小心take after (在外貌、性格等方面)與(父母等)相像take care of 照看;照顧

turn短語turn down 調(diào)低,調(diào)小;拒絕turn up 開大, 調(diào)高;出現(xiàn)turn on 打開turn off 關(guān)閉 turn out 結(jié)果是turn in 上交

同一動詞+不同介詞/副詞

1.We will never _______ our dream until it comes true one day.

A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give awayA【解析】句意：我們永遠(yuǎn)不會_____ 我們的夢想直到它實現(xiàn)的那一天。give up放棄;give in屈服;give out分發(fā);give away捐贈，根據(jù)句意放棄夢想，故選A。

2.—Hurry up! I’m afraid we will miss the plane.—Don’t worry! The plane will not _____ until 12 o’clock.A. take after B. take away C. take off D. take outC【解析】句意：“快點(diǎn)!我擔(dān)心我們將錯過飛機(jī)”“不要擔(dān)心!飛機(jī)12點(diǎn)前不會 _____。”take after(外貌或行為)像;take away拿走;take off起飛;take out取出。根據(jù)句意飛機(jī)應(yīng)該是起飛，故選C。3.—Why does your room look so small?—Because the bed_______too much space.A. takes up B. takes down C. takes off D. takes awayA【解析】句意“為什么你的房間看起來這么小?”“因為床_____太多的空間。”takes up占據(jù);takes down記下;takes off脫掉，(飛機(jī)等)起飛;takes away帶走，取走。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“床占據(jù)了太多空間，所以房間看上去很小”。故選A。

4.In order to save the energy, we should ________ lights in time if we don’t need them.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn onC【解析】句意：為了節(jié)約能源，在我們不需要用燈時，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時把他們_____。turn up調(diào)大，通常指聲音等;turn down調(diào)小;turn off關(guān)閉;turn on打開。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指關(guān)掉燈。故選C。

5.I’m very surprised to ________ an old friend in Paris. We haven’t seen each other for years.A. come out B. come across C. come after D. come onB【解析】句意：我很驚訝在巴黎______一位老朋友。我們很多年都沒見面了。come out出版;come across偶然遇見;come after跟隨;come on加油。根據(jù)語境可知選B。

6.It’s a good habit for us that we should never ________ today's work till tomorrow.A. put on B. put offC. put up D. put downB【解析】句意：我們應(yīng)該決不把今天的事情_______到明天，這對我們來說是一個好習(xí)慣。put on穿上;put off 推遲;put up張貼;put down記下，根據(jù)句意表示把今天的事情推遲到明天，故選B。

7.The doctors ________ the little girl carefully. They advised her to take some medicine on time. A. looked into B. looked over C. looked for D. looked at B【解析】句意：醫(yī)生們仔細(xì)地_____ 小女孩。他們建議她按時吃藥。looked into調(diào)查;looked over (仔細(xì))檢查;looked for 尋找;looked at看。結(jié)合句意可知此處是指醫(yī)生仔細(xì)地檢查了那個小女孩。故選B。

8.—What do you usually do in the evening, Tom?—I usually ________ the newspapers to find something interesting.A. look through B. look outC. look around D. looked intoA【解析】句意“湯姆，你晚上通常做什么?”“我通常 報紙來找一些有趣的東西。” look through瀏覽;look out當(dāng)心;look around向四周看;looked into調(diào)查。根據(jù)句意可知指“瀏覽”，故選A。

不同動詞+同一介詞/副詞

about短語

care about 關(guān)心;在意talk about 談?wù)?討論;議論think about 考慮throw about 亂丟;拋撒worry about 擔(dān)心

at短語point at 指向look at 看(某人)throw at 投向;擲向laugh at(sb.) 嘲笑(某人)knock at 敲shout at(sb.) 對(某人)大喊aim at 瞄準(zhǔn);旨在

away短語get away 逃離give away 贈送;分發(fā)put away 把……收起來;儲存……備用run away 逃跑;跑掉take away 拿走throw away 扔掉move away 搬走，移開

back短語bring back 恢復(fù);使想起;歸還come back 回來get back 回來;恢復(fù)give back 歸還;送回go back 回去pay back 償還(借款等)talk back 回嘴;頂嘴

down短語break down 停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);出故障calm down 保持冷靜cut down 砍倒;削減fall down 落下;摔倒get down 下來;落下put down 寫下;記下;放下shut down 關(guān)上;停業(yè)take down 拆除;記錄turn down 調(diào)低;關(guān)小;拒絕write down 寫下;記下

in短語believe in 信任;信賴check in 報到;登記come in 進(jìn)來hand in 交上;提交;呈送take in 吸入;吞入(體內(nèi));理解;欺騙

of短語hear of 聽說think of 思考;考慮get out of 離開;從……出來take care of 照顧;照看

off短語break off 突然中止;中斷cut off 切除;切斷drop off 減少;下降fall off 從……掉下get off 脫下;下車go off (鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲;發(fā)出(光、熱等)keep off 勿踏;勿踩knock off 停止做某事pay off 償清(欠款等)put off 推遲;拖延run off 跑掉;迅速離開see off(為某人)送行set off 動身(去某地);起程send off 派遣shut off 關(guān)閉;停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)take off 脫下(衣服)，(飛機(jī)等)起飛tell off 責(zé)備;分派turn off 關(guān)閉

on短語put on 穿上turn on 打開fight on 堅持pass on 傳遞keep on 繼續(xù)(進(jìn)行)try on 試穿;試試看work on 從事;忙于depend on 依賴come on 趕快;加油;來吧hold on 等一等(別掛電話)

out短語blow out 吹滅break out (戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等)突然發(fā)生;爆發(fā)bring out 使顯現(xiàn);使表現(xiàn)出check out 查明;離開clean out 清除;把……打掃干凈clear out 清理;丟掉come out 出版;發(fā)表cut out 刪除;刪去find out 查明;發(fā)現(xiàn);了解get out 出去，離開give out 發(fā)出(氣味、光線、聲音、信號);分發(fā)go out 出去;熄滅hand out 分發(fā);發(fā)放keep out 不讓......進(jìn)入leave out 不包括;不提及;忽略look out 留神;當(dāng)心put out 撲滅;熄滅(火)run out 用盡;耗盡sell out 賣完;售光set out 出發(fā);啟程stand out 站出來;突出;堅持到底take out 取出work out 算出;解決help (sb.) out 幫助(某人)解決困難

over短語come over 順便來訪fall over 絆倒get over 克服;恢復(fù);原諒go over 仔細(xì)檢查;復(fù)習(xí)look over (仔細(xì))檢查

up短語bring up 教育;培養(yǎng);提出cheer up 使振奮;使高興起來(cheer sb. up)clean up (把……)打掃干凈;(把……)收拾整齊cut up 切碎dress up 穿上盛裝;裝扮eat up 吃光;吃完fix up 修理;修補(bǔ)get up 起床give up 放棄grow up 成長;長大hang up 掛斷電話hurry up 趕快look up (在詞典、參考書等中)查閱;查找make up 編造;形成;組成pick up 撿起put up 張貼;搭建send up 發(fā)射，把……送上去set up 建立;創(chuàng)立;開辦show up 出席;露面stay up 不睡覺;熬夜take up (尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做;開始做think up 想出turn up 開大(聲音);出現(xiàn)use up 用完;用光;耗盡

with短語agree with 贊同;持相同意見begin with 以……開始connect with 與……相連deal with 處理;應(yīng)付catch up with 趕上come up with 提出;想出(主意、回答等)get along/on with sb. 與某人相處go on with 繼續(xù)keep in touch with sb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系keep up with 與......并駕齊驅(qū);跟上

不同動詞+同一介詞/副詞

9.Mike and his parents will______for Shanghai to visit Disney Park tomorrow.

A. put off B. take off C. get off D. set off D【解析】句意：邁克和他父母明天將____去上海參觀迪斯尼樂園。put off推遲;take off脫下，(飛機(jī))起飛;get off下車;set off動身(去)。根據(jù)句意可知，他們明天動身去上海參觀，因此用set off。故選D。

10.This bus doesn’t go to the train station. I’m afraid you’ll have to ________ at the library and take the A30.A. take off B. put off C. get off D. turn offC【解析】句意：這輛公交車不去火車站。我恐怕你不得不從圖書館 , 然后轉(zhuǎn)乘A30。take off 脫下，(飛機(jī))起飛;put off推遲;get off下車;turn off關(guān)閉。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是下車，故選C。

11.—What are you doing over there?—I’m ________a photo of our family on the wall.A. looking up B. giving up C. making up D. putting upD【解析】句意:“你在那邊做什么?”“我把一張我們的全家福在墻上。”looking up向上看，查找;giving up放棄;making up組成，編造;putting up張貼。根據(jù)句意可知“put up”符合語境，指把照片往墻上貼。故選D。

12.People along the river didn’t allow them to_______ a factory there in order to protect the water.A. set up B. give up C. take up D. look upA【解析】句意：為了保護(hù)河水，沿河的人們不允許他們在那一個工廠。set up建立，開業(yè);give up放棄;take up從事;占據(jù);look up查閱，向上看。set up a factory建立一個工廠。故選A。

13.—Do you know who _______ my dictionary? I can’t find it.—Sorry, I don’t konw, either. I was out just now.A. got away B. took away C. ran away D. threw awayB【解析】句意：“你知道誰________我的字典嗎?我找不到它了”“不好意思，我也不知道。我剛出去了”got away逃離;took away拿走;run away逃跑;threw away扔掉。根據(jù)句意可以是詢問誰拿走了我的字典，故選B。

14.—Could you tell me where the fitting room is? I need to________ this pair of pants.—Sure. Over there.A. work on B. pass on C. depend on D. try onD【解析】句意：“你能告訴我試衣間在哪里嗎?我需要________這條褲子。”“當(dāng)然可以。在那邊”work on從事;pass on傳遞;depend on依賴;try on試穿。根據(jù)句意尋找試衣間，表示要試穿這條褲子，故選D。

15.—When will your new book_______? I can’t wait to read it.—Next month.A. give out B. come out C. work out D. sell outB【解析】句意：“你的新書什么時候_______?我迫不及待地想讀它。”“下個月”give out 分發(fā);come out 出版;work out 解決;sell out賣光。根據(jù)句意“我”想讀你的書，可知詢問的是新書什么時候出版，故選B。

16.It took them about five hours to________ the fire. Although the house was destroyed, nobody was hurt.A. put out B. carry out C. work out D. find outA【解析】句意：他們花費(fèi)了大約5個小時才把火 。盡管房子被毀壞了，但沒人受傷。put out撲滅，熄滅;carry out實施;work out算出，解決;find out查明。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“花了將近5個小時才把火撲滅”，故選A。

17.The best way of ________ the problem is by asking the teacher for help.A.beginning with B. dealing with C. connecting with D. agreeing withB【解析】句意：_______這個問題最好的方法是尋求老師的幫助。beginning with以......開始;dealing with 處理;connecting with與......相連;agreeing with贊同。deal with the problem處理問題，故選B。不同動詞+不同介詞/副詞練一練不同動詞+不同介詞/副詞

18.I promised her to ________ her child during her business trip.A. agree with B. worry about C. look after D. laugh atC 【解析】句意：我承諾在她出差期間幫她 她的小孩。agree with同意;worry about擔(dān)心;look after照顧，照料;laugh at嘲笑。分析語境可知，此處指照顧小孩。故選C。

19.I often______ the lessons with my good friends. It is easier for us to exchange some ideas with each other.A. look for B. break in C. turn out D. go overD【解析】句意：我經(jīng)常和我的好朋友一起 功課。對我們來說，相互交流一下想法更容易了。look for尋找;break in打斷;turn out證明是，結(jié)果是;go over復(fù)習(xí)。分析句意可知此處是復(fù)習(xí)功課。故選D。

20.You’d better not_______ late for your favorite TV plays. Enough sleep is necessary for your health.A. take on B. stay up C. put off D. turn downB【解析】句意：你最好不要為了你喜歡的電視劇 太晚。充足的睡眠對你的健康來說是必要的。take on呈現(xiàn);stay up熬夜;put off推遲;turn down關(guān)掉,拒絕。根據(jù)語境可知建議不要熬夜太晚看電視劇。故選B。

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